如何预测蛋白质SUMO化位点

如何预测蛋白质SUMO化位点

How to predict SUMOylation sites on protein

SUMO化是指在一系列特殊的酶作用下SUMO（small ubiquitin-related modifier）蛋白与靶蛋白赖氨酸残基共价结合的过程。SUMO化是一个动态可逆的过程，具体如下：首先SENP对SUMO蛋白的C末端氨基酸进行水解，数个氨基酸暴露双甘氨酸残基形成成熟的SUMO蛋白，随后在ATP水解提供能量的情况下，腺苷化的SUMO蛋白与E1激活酶（SAE1/2）的半胱氨酸残基相连，形成高能硫脂键，接着激活的SUMO蛋白从E1传递到E2结合酶（UBC9）上，然后E2和E3连接酶（PIAS/RanBP2/CBX4/ZNF451/RSUME/TRIM）共同识别靶蛋白保守序列后协助SUMO蛋白和靶蛋白的特异性结合，最后SENP将靶蛋白赖氨酸残基与SUMO蛋白解离，解离的SUMO蛋白又可以到下一个SUMO化过程中去（图1）。SUMO化通过调控蛋白质活性、稳定性、相互作用、核浆转运和拮抗泛素化来影响众多生理过程。在研究蛋白质SUMO化之前，如果能先预测蛋白质SUMO化位点，后面的研究将事半功倍。因此，本文以人DICER1蛋白质为例，讲解如何预测蛋白质SUMO化位点。

SUMOylation refers to the process in which SUMO (small ubiquitin related modifier) proteins covalently bind to the lysine residues of target proteins under a series of special enzyme interactions. SUMOylation is a dynamic and reversible process, as follows: firstly, SENP hydrolyzes the C-terminal amino acid of SUMO protein, exposing several amino acids to diglycine residues to form mature SUMO protein. Next, the adenosylated SUMO protein is connected to the cysteine residue of E1 activating enzyme (SAE1/2) with the energy provided by ATP hydrolysis, forming high-energy sulfur bonds. Subsequently, the activated SUMO protein is transferred from E1 to E2 conjugating enzyme (UBC9), then E2 and E3 ligases (PIAS/RanBP2/CBX4/ZNF451/RSUME/TRIM) jointly recognize the conserved sequence of the target protein and facilitate the specific binding between SUMO protein and target protein. Finally, SENP dissociates the lysine residue of the target protein from SUMO protein, and the separated SUMO protein would go on to the next SUMOylation process (Fig.1). SUMOylation affects numerous physiological processes by regulating protein activity, stability, interactions, nuclear plasma transport, and antagonizing ubiquitination. Therefore, this article takes human DICER1 protein as an example to show how to predict SUMOylation sites on protein.

蛋白质SUMO化位点预测步骤如下：

The steps for predicting SUMOylation sites on protein are as follows:

1 从https://www.abcepta.com/sumoplot网址进入SUMOplot™ Analysis Program

1 Enter SUMOplot™ Analysis Program from https://www.abcepta.com/sumoplot

2输入人DICER1蛋白质编号或序列后提交

2 Input human DICER1 protein ID or sequence, and then submit

3 查看结果

3 View results

此外，还可以用JASSA预测蛋白质SUMO化位点，步骤如下：

Besides, SUMOylation sites on protein also could be predicted by JASSA, and steps are as follows:

1 从http://www.jassa.fr/网址进入JASSA

1 Enter JASSA from http://www.jassa.fr/

2 输入人DICER1蛋白质序列、编号或上传FASTA格式的序列文件后提交

2 Input human DICER1 sequence, protein ID or upload FASTA file of sequence, and then submit

3 设置输出参数

3 Set output parameters

4 提交

4 Submit

5 查看结果

5 View results